The Nervous System is made up of a complex network that helps the brain to control our bodies. It also lets the brain and other parts of the body “talk” to each other and control a variety of functions.
The nervous structure is divided into the central and peripheral nervous systems. The central system controls voluntary behavior, while the peripheral system coordinates body function without voluntary activity. The CNS includes your brain and spinal chord, as well bundles of fibers that run your back from the brain to your bone.
Sensory Neurons (and their Receptors)
The main function of sensory neurons is to transmit signals from your senses into the CNS. These signals are information about the external and internal conditions of your body and the environment. They tell the brain to take actions, like releasing chemicals which help you relax.
When a stimulus hits a sensory receptor, the signal triggers a chemical called a neurotransmitter to be released from the end of the axon. The neurotransmitter bonds to the cell’s surface and triggers biochemical changes in the cell, according to the commands that your CNS sends.
Structurally, there are 3 types of sensory receptors: free nerve endings, encapsulated nerve endings, and specialized cells that detect specific stimuli. Each type has its own unique properties, but all share the same basic structure. They have a dendrite at the tip of the axon and a spine that leads to another cell.
Sensory receptors can respond to a wide range of stimuli such as light, sound, temperature, pressure, and movement. They can also detect chemicals and other bodily liquids in the bloodstream.
They send these signal to other cell types, called effectors. These cells carry out a task in response, such as contracting muscles and producing secretions within glands.
The PNS contains 2 major categories of cells: somatic neurons, which control voluntary activities; and autonomic neurons, which coordinate your body’s involuntary functions such as breathing and heart rate. Somatic neurons control your heart rate, regulate the amount of oxygen you get to your body and perform many other tasks.
Motor Neurons
Motor neurons are another major class of PNS cells that control muscles in your arms, hands and other parts. These neurons are controlled by the brain, which sends a message down an axon to the cells that make up your arm muscles.
During the treatment process you need Therapies to Reset Your Whole Body Nervous System , The neuron emits a voltage-sensitive chemical known as a “threshold possible” and a set of sodium channels allowing water and other molecules to enter the cell. These positives ions stimulate cell membranes, causing an action potential. This impulse travels along the axon. It is made up of parallel fibres that branch at the end into smaller axons known as dendrites.
Axons and dendrites, in turn, communicate with other axons or dendrites through synapses, which are small holes in the end of the axon that can connect to other neurons. When an axon establishes a connection with another axon the axon releases a neurotransmitter excitatory that triggers the release calcium from the tip to the dendrite.
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